Scam Library

Search the scams behind most digital payment losses worldwide — how each one works, the warning signs, and the steps to take. No technical background needed.

Last reviewed 01 Aug 2026 · 21 case studies across 3 regions

1 of 21 case studies

Full case studies

Healthcare United States Medium risk

Medicare Card & Equipment Scam

A caller offers a new Medicare card, brace or genetic test and only needs your Medicare number.

Who scammers target
Adults over 65 and their carers
Typical reported loss
$100 – $2,000 plus identity misuse
Why people fall for this
Health cover feels administrative and confusing, so a routine-sounding request for card details seems normal.

How it works

  1. 1A caller claims new plastic Medicare cards are being issued and asks to verify your number.
  2. 2Or they offer a "free" back brace, DNA cancer screening or COVID test kit.
  3. 3Your Medicare number is then used to bill for equipment and services you never received.
  4. 4You may only find out when a legitimate claim is denied as already used.

Real-world example

Frank accepts a free knee brace over the phone and gives his Medicare number. Two braces arrive; Medicare is billed $1,900. When he later needs a real brace, the claim is refused.

  • Unsolicited offers of free medical equipment or genetic testing.
  • A request for your Medicare number over the phone or at a health fair.
  • Pressure to accept something "at no cost to you".

  • Treat your Medicare number like a credit card number — never give it to an inbound caller.
  • Check your Medicare Summary Notices for services you did not receive.
  • Only accept equipment ordered by your own doctor.
  • Report suspected fraud to 1-800-MEDICARE and reportfraud.ftc.gov.

What it looks like

Incoming call
"Medicare Benefits Dept — confirm your number"
"Approve the request on your app to receive the refund."
Illustration of a fake message — recreated for teaching, not a real notice.

Where to report, by country

Already lost money? Report it immediately — the first few hours give the best chance of freezing the funds.

Think you can spot these in the wild?

Take the quiz